The new keyword and object creation

The new keyword is used to create an object (instantiate a class). It allocates memory on the heap and returns a reference to the newly created object.

Syntax:

ClassName objectName = new ClassName(arguments);

Steps:

1. Memory is allocated for the object.
2. The appropriate constructor is called.
3. A reference to the object is returned.

Example:

Student s = new Student("Alice", 20);

Multiple objects:

Point p1 = new Point(0, 0);
Point p2 = new Point(5, 10);

Anonymous objects: Created without storing a reference.

new Point(3, 4).display();  // method called directly, object eligible for GC after

Array creation:

int[] numbers = new int[10];        // array of primitives
Point[] points = new Point[5];      // array of references (null initially)
points[0] = new Point(1, 2);        // assign object to array element